- An enhanced (portal venous phase – 70 seconds) multidetector computed tomography was performed on a healthy subject in axial plane with coronal and sagittal reformatted images.
- Data and DICOM images stocked on our PACS (Picture Archiving and Communicating System) were processed and exported as JPEG images.
- With the software Macromedia Flash and Adobe Photoshop we have developed an atlas based application with a suitable functionality and user interface for the study of the abdomen and pelvis anatomy (labeled according to the Terminologia Anatomica).
Anatomy of the abdominal cavity and the male pelvis: how to visualize anatomic labels
- This tool provides access to a CT atlas s in the axial plane, allowing the user to learn abdominal anatomy interactively. Images are labeled, providing an invaluable medical animation. The test mode allows instant evaluation of user progress.
- The horizontal menu gives access to the groups of anatomical labels:
- Organs : liver, spleen, suprarenal gland, pancreas, gallbladder,
- Digestive tract : esophagus, stomach, pyloric antrum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon (caecum, ascending, transverse, descending colon, right and left colic flexure, sigmoid), rectum
- Urinary system :kidney (renal cortex and sinus), ureter, urinary bladder, prostate, urethra
- Arteries : abdominal aorta, iliac arteries, mesenteric arteries (inferior and superior), renal, splenic, heptatic, gastroduondenal, cystic arteries
- Veins : gonadic (testicular), iliac, epigastric, pudendal, gluteal, renal, hemiazygos veins, inferior vena cava
- Portal system : mesenteric (inferior and superior), splenic, hepatic portal veins
- Muscles, fascia, diaphragma
- Bones : ilium, sacrum, ribs
- Nerves
- Peritoneal cavity and spaces
- Lymph nodes regions
- As the cursor is moved over a particular anatomic area of the liver, that liver segment is highlighted and labeled: this tool has been chosen to show hepatic segmentation:
- Segment 1 : posterior segment – caudate lobe
- Segment 2 : left posterior lateral segment
- Segment 3 : left anterior lateral segment
- Segment 4 : left medial segment
- Segment 5 : anterior medial segment
- Segment 6 : anterior lateral segment
- Segment 7 : posterior lateral segment
- Segment 8 : posterior medial segment
- The vertical left menu provides coronal and sagittal reformatted images of the abdomen and pelvis, with digestive medical illustration based on a three dimensional (3D) model (volume rendering of the CT).
- This module is a comprehensive and affordable learning tool for radiology and medical students and residents and especially for radiologist, surgeons and gastrologists.
- Abdominal aorta - Aorta abdominalis
- Abdominal lymph nodes - Nodi lymphoidei abdominis
- Anatomical parts - Anatomical parts
- Anterior lateral segment; Segment VI - Segmentum anterius laterale dextrum; Segmentum VI
- Anterior medial segment; Segment V - Segmentum anterius mediale dextrum; Segmentum V
- Aortic bifurcation - Bifurcatio aortae
- Appendix - Appendix vermiformis
- Arteries - Arteriae
- Ascending colon - Colon ascendens
- Bile duct - Ductus choledochus; Ductus biliaris
- Body of pancreas - Corpus pancreatis
- Body of stomach - Corpus gastricum
- Bones - Os
- Caecum - Caecum
- Cardia - Cardia
- Caudate lobe - Lobus caudatus
- Coeliac trunk - Truncus coeliacus
- Common hepatic artery - Arteria hepatica communis
- Common iliac artery - Arteria iliaca communis
- Common iliac nodes - Nodi iliaci communes
- Common iliac vein - Vena iliaca communis
- Costodiaphragmatic recess - Recessus costodiaphragmaticus
- Cystic artery - Arteria cystica
- Cystic duct - Ductus cysticus
- Cystic node - Nodus cysticus
- Deep circumflex iliac artery - Arteria circumflexa ilium profunda
- Descending colon - Colon descendens
- Diaphragm - Diaphragma
- Diaphragm - Diaphragma (Left crus - Crus sinistrum)
- Diaphragm - Diaphragma (Right crus - Crus dextrum)
- Digestive Tract - Digestive Tract
- Duodenum - Duodenum (Ascending part - Pars ascendens)
- Duodenum - Duodenum (Descending part - Pars descendens)
- Duodenum - Duodenum (Inferior part; Horizontal part; Transverse part - Pars horizontalis; Pars inferior)
- Duodenum - Duodenum (Superior part - Pars superior)
- External iliac artery - Arteria iliaca externa
- External iliac nodes - Nodi iliaci externi
- External iliac vein - Vena iliaca externa
- External oblique - Musculus obliquus externus abdominis
- Fascia lata - Fascia lata
- Femoral artery - Arteria femoralis
- Femoral nerve - Nervus femoralis
- Femur; Thigh bone - Femur; Os femoris
- Fundus of stomach - Fundus gastricus
- Gallbladder - Vesica biliaris
- Gastroduodenal artery - Arteria gastroduodenalis
- Gluteal nodes - Nodi gluteales
- Gluteus maximus - Musculus gluteus maximus
- Gluteus medius - Musculus gluteus medius
- Gluteus minimus - Musculus gluteus minimus
- Greater curvature - Curvatura major (Stomach - Gaster)
- Greater omentum - Omentum majus
- Head of pancreas - Caput pancreatis
- Hemiazygos vein; Inferior hemiazygos vein - Vena hemiazygos
- Hepatic artery proper - Arteria hepatica propria
- Hepatic nodes - Nodi hepatici
- Hepatic portal vein - Vena portae hepatis
- Hepatorenal recess - Recessus hepatorenalis
- Hilum of kidney - Hilum renale
- Hip joint - Articulatio coxofemoralis
- Ileum - Ileum
- Iliacus - Musculus iliacus
- Iliocostalis - Musculus iliocostalis
- Iliocostalis lumborum - Musculus iliocostalis lumborum
- Iliopsoas - Musculus iliopsoas
- Ilium - Os ilium; Ilium (Ala of ilium; Wing of ilium - Ala ossis ilii)
- Ilium - Os ilium; Ilium (Body of ilium - Corpus ossis ilii)
- Inferior calyx - Calyx inferior
- Inferior diaphragmatic nodes - Nodi phrenici inferiores
- Inferior duodenal fossa - Recessus duodenalis inferior
- Inferior epigastric artery - Arteria epigastrica inferior
- Inferior epigastric vein - Vena epigastrica inferior
- Inferior gluteal artery - Arteria glutea inferior
- Inferior gluteal vein - Vena gluteae inferiore
- Inferior mesenteric artery - Arteria mesenterica inferior
- Inferior mesenteric vein - Vena mesenterica inferior
- Inferior vena cava - Vena cava inferior
- Intercostal nodes - Nodi intercostales
- Intermediate hepatic vein - Vena hepatica intermedia
- Internal iliac artery - Arteria iliaca interna
- Internal iliac vein - Vena iliaca interna
- Internal oblique - Musculus obliquus internus abdominis
- Internal pudendal artery - Arteria pudenda interna
- Internal pudendal vein - Vena pudenda interna
- Ischium - Os ischii; Ischium
- Jejunum - Jejunum
- L1 - L1
- L2 - L2
- L3 - L3
- L4 - L4
- L5 - L5
- Latissimus dorsi - Musculus latissimus dorsi
- Left anterior lateral segment; Segment III - Segmentum anterius laterale sinistrum; Segmentum III
- Left branch - Ramus sinister
- Left colic flexure - Flexura coli sinistra
- Left gastric artery - Arteria gastrica sinistra
- Left hepatic vein - Vena hepatica sinistra
- Left lobe of liver - Lobus hepatis sinister
- Left lumbar nodes - Nodi lumbales sinistri
- Left medial segment; Segment IV - Segmentum mediale sinistrum; Segmentum IV
- Left posterior lateral segment; Segment II - Segmentum posterius laterale sinistrum; Segmentum II
- Left testicular vein male - Vena testicularis sinistra male
- Lesser curvature - Curvatura min o (Stomach - Gaster)
- Levator ani - Musculus levator ani (Iliococcygeus - Musculus iliococcygeus)
- Levator ani - Musculus levator ani (Puborectalis - Musculus puborectalis)
- Linea alba - Linea alba
- Liver - Hepar (Superior part - Pars superior)
- Longissimus thoracis - Musculus longissimus thoracis
- Lumbar arteries - Arteriae lumbales
- Lumbar nerves (L1 - L1-L5 - L5) - Nervi lumbales (L1 - L1-L5 - L5)
- Lumbar nerves (L1 - L1-L5 - L5) - Nervi lumbales (L1 - L1-L5 - L5) (L4 - L4)
- Lumbar nerves (L1 - L1-L5 - L5) - Nervi lumbales (L1 - L1-L5 - L5) (L5 - L5)
- Lumbar veins - Venae lumbales
- Lumbocostal triangle (Bochdalek's) - Trigonum lumbocostale
- Lumbosacral plexus - Plexus lumbosacralis
- Median sacral artery - Arteria sacralis mediana
- Mesentery - Mesenterium
- Middle calyx - Calyx medius
- Muscles and Abdominal wall - Muscles and Abdominal wall
- Nerves - Nerves
- Obturator artery - Arteria obturatoria
- Obturator internus - Musculus obturatorius internus
- Oesophagus - Oesophagus
- Organs - Organs
- Ostium primum - Ren; Nephros
- Pancreatic nodes - Nodi pancreatici
- Paracolic gutters - Sulci paracolici
- Pararectal fossa - Fossa pararectalis
- Pararectal nodes - Nodi pararectales; Nodi anorectales
- Paravesical fossa - Fossa paravesicalis
- Peritoneal cavity and Spaces - Peritoneal cavity and Spaces
- Piriformis - Musculus piriformis
- Pleural recesses - Recessus pleurales
- Portal system - Portal system
- Posterior lateral segment; Segment VII - Segmentum posterius laterale dextrum; Segmentum VII
- Posterior medial segment; Segment VIII - Segmentum posterius mediale dextrum; Segmentum VIII
- Posterior segment; Caudate lobe; Segment I - Segmentum posterius; Lobus caudatus; Segmentum I
- Promontorial nodes - Nodi promontorii
- Prostate - Prostata
- Psoas major - Musculus psoas major
- Pyelo-ureteral junction - Pyelo-ureteral junction
- Pyloric antrum - Antrum pyloricum
- Pylorus - Pylorus
- Quadrate lobe - Lobus quadratus
- Quadratus lumborum - Musculus quadratus lumborum
- Rectovesical pouch male - Excavatio rectovesicalis male
- Rectum - Rectum
- Rectus abdominis - Musculus rectus abdominis
- Rectus femoris - Musculus rectus femoris
- Renal artery - Arteria renalis
- Renal cortex - Cortex renalis
- Renal pelvis - Pelvis renalis
- Renal pyramids - Pyramides renales
- Renal sinus - Sinus renalis
- Renal veins - Venae renales
- Retropubic space - Spatium retropubicum
- Right branch - Ramus dexter
- Right colic flexure - Flexura coli dextra
- Right hepatic vein - Vena hepatica dextra
- Right lobe of liver - Lobus hepatis dexter
- Right testicular vein male - Vena testicularis dextra male
- Round ligament of liver - Lig. teres hepatis
- Sacral nerves and coccygeal nerve (S1-S5, C0) - Nervi sacrales et nervus coccygeus (S1-S5, C0) (S1)
- Sacral nerves and coccygeal nerve (S1-S5, C0) - Nervi sacrales et nervus coccygeus (S1-S5, C0) (S2)
- Sacral nerves and coccygeal nerve (S1-S5, C0) - Nervi sacrales et nervus coccygeus (S1-S5, C0) (S3)
- Sacral nodes - Nodi sacrales
- Sacral plexus - Plexus sacralis
- Sacroiliac joint - Articulatio sacroiliaca
- Sacrum - Os sacrum
- Sartorius - Musculus sartorius
- Sciatic nerve - Nervus ischiadicus
- Seminal vesicle - Vesicula seminalis
- Sigmoid colon - Colon sigmoideum
- Spinalis thoracis - Musculus spinalis thoracis
- Spleen - Splen; Lien
- Splenic artery - Arteria splenica; Arteria lienalis
- Splenic vein - Vena splenica; Vena lienalis
- Subphrenic space - Recessus subphrenicus
- Superior calyx - Calyx superior
- Superior diaphragmatic nodes - Nodi phrenici superiores
- Superior duodenal fossa - Recessus duodenalis superior
- Superior gluteal artery - Arteria glutea superior
- Superior gluteal vein - Vena gluteae superiore
- Superior mesenteric artery - Arteria mesenterica superior
- Superior mesenteric nodes - Nodi mesenterici superiores
- Superior mesenteric vein - Vena mesenterica superior
- Suprarenal gland; Adrenal gland - Glandula suprarenalis
- Supravesical fossa - Fossa supravesicalis
- T1 - T11 - T1 - T11
- T1 - T12 - T1 - T12
- Tail of pancreas - Cauda pancreatis
- Tensor of fascia lata - Musculus tensor fasciae latae
- Thoracolumbar fascia - Fascia thoracolumbalis
- Transverse colon - Colon transversum
- Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal - Musculus transversus abdominis
- Umbilical ring - Anulus umbilicalis
- Uncinate process - Processus uncinatus
- Ureter - Ureter
- Urinary System - Urinary System
- Urinary bladder - Vesica urinaria
- Veins - Vena
- Vertebral canal - Canalis vertebralis
