Brain anatomy on MRI axial slices

We have created a brain atlas that is an interactive tool for studying the conventional anatomy of the normal brain based on a magnetic resonance imaging exam of the axial brain. Anatomical structures and particular area are visible as interactive labeled images.

Cross sectional anatomy: MRI of the brain

• A mri was performed on a healthy subject, with several acquisition with different weightings: spin-echo T1, T2 and FLAIR, T2 gradient-echo, diffusion, and T1 after gadolinium injection. We obtained 24 axial slices of the normal brain.
• Data and DICOM images archived on our PACS (Picture Archiving and Communicating System) were processed and exported as JPEG images. The software Macromedia Flash and Adobe Photoshop allow us the development of an atlas based application with a suitable functionality and user interface for exploration of the neuroanatomy.
• Anatomical structures were labeled according to the actual Terminologia Anatomica.

Anatomy of the brain: how to visualize anatomic labels

• This module is a comprehensive and affordable learning tool for medical students and residents and especially for neuroradiologists and radiation oncologists.
  It provides access to an atlas and to images in the axial planes, allowing the user to learn and review neuroanatomy interactively. Images are labeled, providing an invaluable teaching resource. The test mode allows comprehensive evaluation of user progress.
• The horizontal menu gives access to several groups of anatomical structures: encephalic sulci and gyri, limbic system, white matter, ventricle and cisterns architecture, basal nuclei and related structures, optic tract, cerebellum with his lobes according to numbered nomenclature, spinal cord. Vascularisation of the brain can be afforded with the arteries and venous sinuses sections. Pituitary and pineal glands are regrouped as “gland”.
• As the cursor is moved over a particular anatomic area, that area is highlighted and labeled: this tool has been chosen to show encephalic lobes: frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal, insula, cerbellum (anterior, posterior and flocculonodular lobes).
• The MRI is a particulary powerful exam for studying structures as diencephalon, mesencephalon (mid brain), pons, myelencephalon (medulla oblongata, bulb) and spinal cord.
• The vertical left menu provides coronal and sagittal images of the brain, with anatomical schemas based on a three dimensional (3D) model.

• Acueducto del mesencéfalo; Acueducto - Aqueductus mesencephali; Aqueductus cerebri
• Adhesio intertalámica; Comisura gris - Adhesio interthalamica
• Amígdala del cerebelo; Paraflóculo ventral [H IX] - Tonsilla cerebelli; Paraflocculus ventralis [H IX]
• Archicórtex - Archicortex
• Area amigdaloclaustral - Area amygdaloclaustralis
• Arteria basilar - A. basilaris
• Arteria carótida interna - Arteria carotis interna
• Arteria cerebral anterior - Arteria cerebri anterior
• Arteria cerebral media - Arteria cerebri media
• Arteria cerebral posterior - A. cerebri posterior
• Arteria vertebral - Arteria vertebralis
• Arterias - Arteriae
• Asta frontal; Asta anterior - Cornu frontale ventriculi lateralis; Cornu anterius ventriculi lateralis
• Asta occipital; Asta posterior - Cornu occipitale ventriculi lateralis; Cornu posterius ventriculi lateralis
• Asta temporal; Asta Inferior - Cornu temporale ventriculi lateralis; Cornu inferius ventriculi lateralis
• Atrio - Atrium
• Brazo anterior - Crus anterius capsulae internae
• Brazo posterior - Crus posterius capsulae internae
• Cabeza - Caput nuclei caudati
• Cerebelo - Cerebellum
• Circunvoluciones cerebrales - Gyri
• Cisterna cerebelobulbar lateral - Cisterna cerebellomedullaris lateralis
• Cisterna cerebelobulbar posterior; Cisterna magna - Cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior; Cisterna magna
• Cisterna cuadrigémina; Cisterna de la vena cerebral magna - Cisterna quadrigeminalis; Cisterna venae magnae cerebri
• Cisterna interpeduncular - Cisterna interpeduncularis
• Cisterna quiasmática - Cisterna chiasmatica
• Claustro - Claustrum
• Cola - Cauda nuclei caudati
• Comisura - Commissura fornicis
• Comisura anterior - Commissura anterior
• Cuarto ventrículo - Ventriculus quartus
• Cuerpo - Corpus nuclei caudati
• Cuerpo - Truncus corporis callosi
• Cuerpo - Corpus fornicis
• Culmen [IV y V] - Culmen [IV et V]
• Cuña - Cuneus
• Cápsula externa - Capsula externa
• DWI - DWI
• Declive [VI] - Declive [VI]
• Diencéfalo - Diencephalon
• Espacio subaracnoideo; Espacio leptomeníngeo - Spatium subarachnoideum; Spatium leptomeningeum
• Estructuras anatómicas - Anatomical structures
• FLAIR - FLAIR
• Fisura longitudinal cerebral - Fissura longitudinalis cerebri
• Flóculo [H X] - Flocculus [H X]
• Folium del vermis [VII A] - Folium vermis [VII A]
• Foramen - Foramen interventricular - Foramen - Foramen interventriculare
• Fórnix - Fornix
• Giro angular - Gyrus angularis
• Giro cingular - Gyrus cinguli
• Giro frontal inferior - Gyrus frontalis inferior
• Giro frontal medio - Gyrus frontalis medius
• Giro frontal medio - Gyrus frontalis medialis
• Giro frontal superior - Gyrus frontalis superior
• Giro largo de la ínsula - Gyrus longus insulae
• Giro lingual - Gyrus lingualis
• Giro occipitotemporal lateral - Gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis
• Giro occipitotemporal medial - Gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis
• Giro parahipocampal - Gyrus parahippocampalis
• Giro paraterminal - Gyrus paraterminalis
• Giro postcentral - Gyrus postcentralis
• Giro precentral - Gyrus precentralis
• Giro recto - Gyrus rectus
• Giro supramarginal - Gyrus supramarginalis
• Giro temporal inferior - Gyrus temporalis inferior
• Giro temporal medio - Gyrus temporalis medius
• Giro temporal superior - Gyrus temporalis superior
• Giros cortos de la ínsula - Gyri breves insulae
• Giros orbitarios - Gyri orbitales
• Globo pálido lateral; Globo pálido externo - Globus pallidus lateralis
• Glándula pineal; Cuerpo pineal; Epífisis - Glandula pinealis
• Glándulas - Glands
• Hipófisis. Glándula pituitaria - Hypophysis; Glandula pituitaria
• Incisura preoccipital - Incisura preoccipitalis
• Insula; Lóbulo de la ínsula - Insula; Lobus insularis
• Limen de la ínsula - Limen insulae
• Lobulillo central [II y III] - Lobulus centralis [II et III]
• Lobulillo cuadrangular anterior [H IV y H V] - Lobulus quadrangularis anterior [H IV et H V]
• Lobulillo digástrico (H VIII) - Lobulus biventer (H VIII)
• Lobulillo semilunar inferior; Crus segunda del lobulillo ansilforme [H VII A] - Lobulus semilunaris inferior; Crus secundum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli[H VII A]
• Lobulillo semilunar superior; Crus primera del lobulillo ansiforme [H VII A] - Lobulus semilunaris superior cerebelli; Crus primum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [H VII A]
• Lobulillo simple [H VI y VI] - Lobulus simplex [VI et H VI]
• Língula [I] - Lingula cerebelli [I]
• Lóbulo anterior del cerebelo - Lobus cerebelli anterior
• Lóbulo floculonodular - Lobus flocculonodularis
• Lóbulo frontal - Lobus frontalis
• Lóbulo límbico - Limbic system
• Lóbulo occipital - Lobus occipitalis
• Lóbulo parietal - Lobus parietalis
• Lóbulo parietal superior - Lobulus parietalis superior
• Lóbulo posterior del cerebelo - Lobus cerebelli posterior
• Lóbulo temporal - Lobus temporalis
• Mesencéfalo; Cerebro medio - Mesencephalon
• Mielencéfalo; Médula oblongada; Bulbo Bulb raquídeo - Myelencephalon; Medulla oblongata; Bulbus
• Médula espinal - Medulla spinalis
• Nervio óptico [II] - Nervus opticus [II]
• Nódulo [X] - Nodulus [X]
• Núcleo rojo - Nucleus ruber
• Núcleos basales y estructuras relacionadas - Nuclei basales et structurae pertinentes
• Núcleos del cerebelo - Nuclei cerebelli
• Orificio lateral - Apertura lateralis
• Orificio medio - Apertura mediana
• Pedúnculo cerebeloso inferior - Pedunculus cerebellaris inferior
• Pedúnculo cerebeloso medio - Pedunculus cerebellaris medius
• Pedúnculo cerebeloso superior - Pedunculus cerebellaris superior
• Pedúnculo cerebral - Pedunculus cerebri
• Pico - Rostrum corporis callosi
• Pilar - Crus fornicis
• Pirámide [VIII] - Pyramis vermis [VIII]
• Plexo coroideo - Plexus choroideus
• Plexo coroideo del tercer ventrículo - Plexus choroideus ventriculi tertii
• Plexus basilar - Plexus basilaris
• Plexus coroideo - Plexus choroideus
• Polo frontal - Polus frontalis
• Polo temporal - Polus temporalis
• Porción central; Cuerpo - Pars centralis ventriculi lateralis
• Porción sublenticular de la amígdala - Pars sublenticularis amygdalae
• Precuña - Precuneus
• Puente; Protuberancia - Pons
• Pulvinar - Pulvinar thalami
• Putamen - Putamen
• Radiación óptica - Radiatio optica
• Rodete - Splenium corporis callosi
• Rodilla - Genu corporis callosi
• Rodilla de la cápsula interna - Genu capsulae internae
• Secuencia - Weightings
• Seno cavernoso - Sinus cavernosus
• Seno esfenoparietal - Sinus sphenoparietalis
• Seno petroso superior - Sinus petrosus superior
• Seno recto - Sinus rectus
• Seno sagital inferior - Sinus sagittalis inferior
• Senus venosos durales - Venous sinuses
• Septum pellucidum - Septum pellucidum
• Sino occipital - Sinus occipitalis
• Sino sagital superior - Sinus sagittalis superior
• Sino sigmoideo - Sinus sigmoideus
• Sino transverso - Sinus transversus
• Surco calcarino - Sulcus calcarinus
• Surco central - Sulcus centralis
• Surco central de la ínsula - Sulcus centralis insulae
• Surco cingular - Sulcus cinguli
• Surco circular de la ínsula - Sulcus circularis insulae
• Surco colateral - Sulcus collateralis
• Surco frontal superior - Sulcus frontalis superior
• Surco intraparietal - Sulcus intraparietalis
• Surco lateral - Sulcus lateralis
• Surco occipitotemporal - Sulcus occipitotemporalis
• Surco olfatorio - Sulcus olfactorius
• Surco parieto-occipital - Sulcus parietooccipitalis
• Surco postcentral - Sulcus postcentralis
• Surco precentral - Sulcus precentralis
• Surco rinal - Sulcus rhinalis
• Surco temporal inferior - Sulcus temporalis inferior
• Surco temporal superior - Sulcus temporalis superior
• Surcos - Sulci
• Sustancia blanca - Substantia alba
• T1 - T1
• T1 - T1 Gado - T1 - T1 Gado
• T2 - T2
• T2 - T2*
• Tercer ventrículo - Ventriculus tertius
• Tracto óptico - Optic tract
• Tracto óptico - Tractus opticus
• Tronco del encéfalo . - Truncus encephali
• Tubérculo cuadrigémino inferior; Colículo inferior - Colliculus inferior
• Tubérculo cuadrigémino superior; Colículo superior - Colliculus superior
• Tálamo - Thalamus
• Túber [VII B] - Tuber vermis [VII B]
• Uncus; Gancho - Uncus
• Uvula [IX] - Uvula vermis [IX]
• Vena cerebral magna - V. magna cerebri
• Vena yugular interna - Vena jugularis interna
• Ventrículos/Cisternas - Ventricles/Citerns
• radiada - Corona radiata