Brain anatomy on MRI axial slices

We have created a brain atlas that is an interactive tool for studying the conventional anatomy of the normal brain based on a magnetic resonance imaging exam of the axial brain. Anatomical structures and particular area are visible as interactive labeled images.

Cross sectional anatomy: MRI of the brain

• A mri was performed on a healthy subject, with several acquisition with different weightings: spin-echo T1, T2 and FLAIR, T2 gradient-echo, diffusion, and T1 after gadolinium injection. We obtained 24 axial slices of the normal brain.
• Data and DICOM images archived on our PACS (Picture Archiving and Communicating System) were processed and exported as JPEG images. The software Macromedia Flash and Adobe Photoshop allow us the development of an atlas based application with a suitable functionality and user interface for exploration of the neuroanatomy.
• Anatomical structures were labeled according to the actual Terminologia Anatomica.

Anatomy of the brain: how to visualize anatomic labels

• This module is a comprehensive and affordable learning tool for medical students and residents and especially for neuroradiologists and radiation oncologists.
  It provides access to an atlas and to images in the axial planes, allowing the user to learn and review neuroanatomy interactively. Images are labeled, providing an invaluable teaching resource. The test mode allows comprehensive evaluation of user progress.
• The horizontal menu gives access to several groups of anatomical structures: encephalic sulci and gyri, limbic system, white matter, ventricle and cisterns architecture, basal nuclei and related structures, optic tract, cerebellum with his lobes according to numbered nomenclature, spinal cord. Vascularisation of the brain can be afforded with the arteries and venous sinuses sections. Pituitary and pineal glands are regrouped as “gland”.
• As the cursor is moved over a particular anatomic area, that area is highlighted and labeled: this tool has been chosen to show encephalic lobes: frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal, insula, cerbellum (anterior, posterior and flocculonodular lobes).
• The MRI is a particulary powerful exam for studying structures as diencephalon, mesencephalon (mid brain), pons, myelencephalon (medulla oblongata, bulb) and spinal cord.
• The vertical left menu provides coronal and sagittal images of the brain, with anatomical schemas based on a three dimensional (3D) model.

• 腺 - Glands
• T1 - T1
• T1 - T1+ガドリニウム製剤 - T1 - T1 Gado
• T2 - T2
• T2 - T2*
• クモ膜下腔 - Spatium subarachnoideum; Spatium leptomeningeum
• フレアー法 - FLAIR
• レンズ核下拡大扁桃体；扁桃体レンズ核下部 - Pars sublenticularis amygdalae
• 上丘 - Colliculus superior
• 上側頭回 - Gyrus temporalis superior
• 上側頭溝 - Sulcus temporalis superior
• 上前頭回 - Gyrus frontalis superior
• 上前頭溝 - Sulcus frontalis superior
• 上半月小葉；係蹄状小葉第一脚［第VII A半球小葉］ - Lobulus semilunaris superior cerebelli; Crus primum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [H VII A]
• 上小脳脚 - Pedunculus cerebellaris superior
• 上矢状静脈洞 - Sinus sagittalis superior
• 上錐体静脈洞 - Sinus petrosus superior
• 上頭頂小葉 - Lobulus parietalis superior
• 下丘 - Colliculus inferior
• 下側頭回 - Gyrus temporalis inferior
• 下側頭溝 - Sulcus temporalis inferior
• 下前頭回 - Gyrus frontalis inferior
• 下半月小葉；係蹄状小葉第二脚［第VII A半球小葉］ - Lobulus semilunaris inferior; Crus secundum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli[H VII A]
• 下垂体 - Hypophysis; Glandula pituitaria
• 下小脳脚 - Pedunculus cerebellaris inferior
• 下矢状静脈洞 - Sinus sagittalis inferior
• 下角；側頭角 - Cornu temporale ventriculi lateralis; Cornu inferius ventriculi lateralis
• 中側頭回 - Gyrus temporalis medius
• 中前頭回 - Gyrus frontalis medius
• 中大脳動脈 - Arteria cerebri media
• 中小脳脚 - Pedunculus cerebellaris medius
• 中心前回 - Gyrus precentralis
• 中心前溝 - Sulcus precentralis
• 中心後回 - Gyrus postcentralis
• 中心後溝 - Sulcus postcentralis
• 中心溝 - Sulcus centralis
• 中心部 - Pars centralis ventriculi lateralis
• 中脳 - Mesencephalon
• 中脳水道 - Aqueductus mesencephali; Aqueductus cerebri
• 二腹小葉［第VIII半球小葉］ - Lobulus biventer (H VIII)
• 交叉槽；視交叉槽 - Cisterna chiasmatica
• 側副溝 - Sulcus collateralis
• 側頭極 - Polus temporalis
• 側頭葉 - Lobus temporalis
• 内側前頭回 - Gyrus frontalis medialis
• 内側後頭側頭回 - Gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis
• 内頚動脈 - Arteria carotis interna
• 内頚静脈 - Vena jugularis interna
• 前交連 - Commissura anterior
• 前四角小葉［第IV・V半球小葉］ - Lobulus quadrangularis anterior [H IV et H V]
• 前大脳動脈 - Arteria cerebri anterior
• 前脚；内包前脚 - Crus anterius capsulae internae
• 前角；前頭角 - Cornu frontale ventriculi lateralis; Cornu anterius ventriculi lateralis
• 前障 - Claustrum
• 前頭極 - Polus frontalis
• 前頭葉 - Lobus frontalis
• 動脈 - Arteriae
• 単小葉［第VI半球小葉と第VI小葉］ - Lobulus simplex [VI et H VI]
• 原皮質 - Archicortex
• 嗅溝 - Sulcus olfactorius
• 嗅脳溝 - Sulcus rhinalis
• 四丘体槽；大大脳静脈槽 - Cisterna quadrigeminalis; Cisterna venae magnae cerebri
• 外側小脳延髄槽 - Cisterna cerebellomedullaris lateralis
• 外側後頭側頭回 - Gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis
• 外側溝 - Sulcus lateralis
• 外包 - Capsula externa
• 大大脳静脈 - V. magna cerebri
• 大脳回 - Gyri
• 大脳基底核と関連構造 - Nuclei basales et structurae pertinentes
• 大脳縦裂 - Fissura longitudinalis cerebri
• 室間孔 - Foramen - Foramen interventriculare
• 小節；虫部小節［第X小葉］ - Nodulus [X]
• 小脳 - Cerebellum
• 小脳中心小葉；中心小葉［第II・III小葉］ - Lobulus centralis [II et III]
• 小脳前葉 - Lobus cerebelli anterior
• 小脳小舌；第I小葉 - Lingula cerebelli [I]
• 小脳後葉 - Lobus cerebelli posterior
• 小脳扁桃；腹側傍片葉［第IX半球小葉］ - Tonsilla cerebelli; Paraflocculus ventralis [H IX]
• 小脳核 - Nuclei cerebelli
• 尾状核体 - Corpus nuclei caudati
• 尾状核尾 - Cauda nuclei caudati
• 尾状核頭 - Caput nuclei caudati
• 山腹［第VI小葉］ - Declive [VI]
• 山頂［第IV・V小葉］ - Culmen [IV et V]
• 島中心溝 - Sulcus centralis insulae
• 島短回 - Gyri breves insulae
• 島輪状溝 - Sulcus circularis insulae
• 島長回 - Gyrus longus insulae
• 島限 - Limen insulae
• 島；島葉 - Insula; Lobus insularis
• 帯状回 - Gyrus cinguli
• 帯状溝 - Sulcus cinguli
• 強調画像 - Weightings
• 後大脳動脈 - A. cerebri posterior
• 後小脳延髄槽；大槽 - Cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior; Cisterna magna
• 後脚；内包後脚 - Crus posterius capsulae internae
• 後角；後頭角 - Cornu occipitale ventriculi lateralis; Cornu posterius ventriculi lateralis
• 後頭側頭溝 - Sulcus occipitotemporalis
• 後頭前切痕 - Incisura preoccipitalis
• 後頭葉 - Lobus occipitalis
• 後頭静脈洞 - Sinus occipitalis
• 房 - Atrium
• 扁桃前障野 - Area amygdaloclaustralis
• 拡散強調画像 - DWI
• 放線冠 - Corona radiata
• 松果体 - Glandula pinealis
• 椎骨動脈 - Arteria vertebralis
• 楔前部 - Precuneus
• 楔部 - Cuneus
• 横静脈洞 - Sinus transversus
• 橋 - Pons
• 海綿静脈洞 - Sinus cavernosus
• 海馬傍回 - Gyrus parahippocampalis
• 淡蒼球外節 - Globus pallidus lateralis
• 溝 - Sulci
• 片葉小節葉 - Lobus flocculonodularis
• 片葉［第X半球小葉］ - Flocculus [H X]
• 白質 - Substantia alba
• 直回 - Gyrus rectus
• 直静脈洞 - Sinus rectus
• 眼窩回 - Gyri orbitales
• 硬膜静脈洞 - Venous sinuses
• 第三脳室 - Ventriculus tertius
• 第三脳室脈絡叢 - Plexus choroideus ventriculi tertii
• 第四脳室 - Ventriculus quartus
• 第四脳室外側口 - Apertura lateralis
• 第四脳室正中口 - Apertura mediana
• 終板傍回 - Gyrus paraterminalis
• 縁上回 - Gyrus supramarginalis
• 脈絡叢 - Plexus choroideus
• 脈絡叢；側脳室脈絡叢 - Plexus choroideus
• 脊髄 - Medulla spinalis
• 脚間槽 - Cisterna interpeduncularis
• 脳室;クモ膜下槽 - Ventricles/Citerns
• 脳幹 - Truncus encephali
• 脳底動脈 - A. basilaris
• 脳底静脈叢 - Plexus basilaris
• 脳弓 - Fornix
• 脳弓交連；海馬交連 - Commissura fornicis
• 脳弓体 - Corpus fornicis
• 脳弓脚 - Crus fornicis
• 脳梁吻 - Rostrum corporis callosi
• 脳梁幹 - Truncus corporis callosi
• 脳梁膝 - Genu corporis callosi
• 脳梁膨大 - Splenium corporis callosi
• 膝；内包膝 - Genu capsulae internae
• 舌状回 - Gyrus lingualis
• 虫部垂［第IX小葉］ - Uvula vermis [IX]
• 虫部葉［第VII A小葉］ - Folium vermis [VII A]
• 虫部錐体［第VIII小葉］ - Pyramis vermis [VIII]
• 虫部隆起［第VII小葉］ - Tuber vermis [VII B]
• 蝶形［骨］頭頂静脈洞 - Sinus sphenoparietalis
• 被殻 - Putamen
• 視床 - Thalamus
• 視床枕 - Pulvinar thalami
• 視床間橋；中間質 - Adhesio interthalamica
• 視放線 - Radiatio optica
• 視神経［脳神経II］ - Nervus opticus [II]
• 視索 - Optic tract
• 視索 - Tractus opticus
• 角回 - Gyrus angularis
• 解剖学的構造 - Anatomical structures
• 赤核 - Nucleus ruber
• 辺縁葉 - Limbic system
• 透明中隔 - Septum pellucidum
• 鈎 - Uncus
• 間脳 - Diencephalon
• 頭頂内溝；頭頂間溝 - Sulcus intraparietalis
• 頭頂後頭溝 - Sulcus parietooccipitalis
• 頭頂葉 - Lobus parietalis
• 髄脳；延髄；球 - Myelencephalon; Medulla oblongata; Bulbus
• 鳥距溝 - Sulcus calcarinus
• Ｓ状静脈洞 - Sinus sigmoideus
• ［広義の］大脳脚 - Pedunculus cerebri