뇌신경 해부학

뇌신경 해부학

뇌신경 해부학

  • Antoine MICHEAU, MD , Denis HOA, MD
    • Antoine MICHEAU, MD : 2 Allée Charles Darwin, 34170 Castelnau-le-lez
    • Denis HOA, MD : 2 Allée Charles Darwin, 34170 Castelnau-le-lez
  • 게시일: 2021. 4. 8. | 최종 수정 2025. 11. 12.
  • https://doi.org/10.37019/e-anatomy/49563.ko ISSN 2534-5079

본 인체 해부학 모듈은 뇌신경에 관해 설명하였습니다. 해부학적 구조는 280가지 라벨로 표시되었으며 15개 벡터파일의 해부학적인 그림으로 구성되었습니다.

이 자료는 해부학을 공부하는 의대생, 간호대생, 물리치료사, 전기 방사선 기사 및 레지던트(특히 신경학, 신경외과, 이비인후과)와 12개의 뇌신경 해부학 삽화에 신속하고 간편하게 이용이 필요한 모든 의료종사자들을 대상으로 만들어졌습니다.

Cranial nerves - Anatomy (Brainstem) : Abducent nerve; Abducens nerve [VI], Accessory nerve [XI], Facial nerve [VII], Mandibular nerve; Mandibular division [Vc; V3], Maxillary nerve; Maxillary division [Vb; V2], Oculomotor nerve [III], Olfactory nerve [I], Ophthalmic nerve; Ophthalmic division [Va; V1], Optic nerve [II], Terminal nerve [0], Trigeminal nerve [V], Trochlear nerve [IV], Vagus nerve [X], Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII], Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX], Hypoglossal nerve [XII]
Cranial nerves , Anatomy : Brainstem (Anterior view)

 

 

뇌신경 다이어그램

Adobe Illustrator를 이용하여 의료 영상 자료와 3D 재구성을 통해 작업한 결과 오리지널 삽화가 디지털로 제작되었습니다.
그 다음 해부학 모듈에 포함시키고 Adobe Animate를 이용하여 라벨을 표시하였습니다.

  • 첫 번째 두 개의 삽화는 뇌줄기에서 나오는 뇌신경과 머리뼈바닥의 다양한 구멍을 통한 뇌줄기의 경로를 다룹니다.
     
Cranial nerves - Cranial base : Foramina : Cribriform plate, Optic canal, Superior orbital fissure, Foramen rotundum, Foramen ovale, Internal acoustic meatus, Jugular foramen, Hypoglossal canal
Cranial nerves , Cranial base : Foramina

 

  • 후각신경(I)은 후각(후각망울, 후각로, 후각결절, 후각섬유줄…)에 관여하는 뇌 구조에 인접하여 함께 표현되었습니다.
Olfactory nerve [I] - Anatomy (Anatomical illustrations) : Olfactory nerves, Olfactory bulb, Subcallosal area; Subcallosal gyrus, Paraolfactory sulci, Paraolfactory area, Paraterminal gyrus, Olfactory tract, Medial stria, Olfactory trigone,  Olfactory tubercle ,Lateral stria
Olfactory nerve [I] : Anatomy (Anatomical illustrations)

 

  • 시각신경(II)은 시신경로와 다양한 수준의 가능한 병변(반맹, 사분맹, 한눈시각상실)을 함께 모은 다이어그램으로 묘사됩니다.
Optic nerve [II] - Schematic Human anatomy : Retina, Optic chiasma,  Optic tract, Lateral geniculate body, Optic radiation, Visual cortex, [UMLS:C0271202], [UMLS:C0271208], [UMLS:C0544680], [UMLS:C0750958], [UMLS:C0155320]
Optic nerve [II] : Schematic

 

  • 눈돌림신경(눈돌림신경(III), 도르래신경(IV), 갓돌림신경(VI))은 뇌줄기에서 출현하여 해면정맥굴과 위눈확틈새부터 눈확공간의 신경분포, 내용물(바깥눈근육, 섬모체신경절…)을 거쳐 동일한 다이어그램에 소개되었습니다.

 

Oculomotor nerve [III] - Trochlear nerve [IV] - Abducent nerve; Abducens nerve [VI] : Anatomy atlas : Superior branch,  Inferior branch,  Branch to ciliary ganglion; Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion; Oculomotor root of ciliary ganglion,  Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion; Oculomotor root of ciliary ganglion; Branch of oculomotor nerve to ciliary ganglion, Ciliary ganglion, Obliquus capitis superior, Lateral rectus
Oculomotor nerve [III] , Trochlear nerve [IV] , Abducent nerve; Abducens nerve [VI] : Anatomy atlas

 

  • 삼차신경(V)의 피부분절이 얼굴 다이어그램에 소개되었습니다.
  • 삼차신경(V)의 가지가 세 가지 다른 다이어그램에서 나타납니다.
    • 눈확신경에서의 눈신경(V1)과 주요 가지(이마신경, 눈물샘신경, 앞벌집신경, 뒤벌집신경, 코섬모신경 및 섬모체신경절과 눈확위신경, 도르래위신경, 도르래아래신경, 긴섬모체신경의 교통가지)
    • 삼차신경절(갓세르신경절)에서 얼굴까지 다양한 가지를 포함한 위턱신경(V2)
    • 얼굴과 턱으로 향하는 가지와 고실끈신경을 통해 얼굴신경과 연결되는아래턱신경(V3)

 

  • 얼굴신경(VII)의 패턴은 두 부분으로 나누어집니다. 첫 번째는 무릎신경절, 큰바위신경 및 고실끈신경이 있는 바위내 부분이고 두 번째는 붓꼭지구멍에서부터 나와 얼굴 영역으로 이어지는 부분입니다.
Facial nerve [VII] - Anatomy : Medical illustrations (Imaios - E-anatomy) :Geniculum, Nerve to stapedius, Posterior auricular nerve, Occipital branch, Auricular branch, Digastric branch, Stylohyoid branch, Communicating branch with glossopharyngeal nerve, Parotid plexus, Temporal branches, Zygomatic branches, Buccal branches, Lingual branch of facial nerve, Marginal mandibular branch, Cervical branch, Intermediate nerve, Geniculate ganglion, Greater petrosal nerve, Parasympathetic root of pterygopalatine ganglion; Greater petrosal nerve, Chorda tympani, Parasympathetic root of submandibular ganglion; Chorda tympani, Communicating branch with tympanic plexus, Communicating branch with vagus nerve
Facial nerve [VII] , Anatomy : Medical illustrations (Imaios - E-anatomy)

 

  • 속귀신경(안뜰신경)(VIII) 은 속귀길을 통과하여 속귀(달팽이신경: 달팽이, 알뜰신경: 타원주머니, 구형낭, 반고리관)에 분포합니다.
Human anatomy - Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII] : Vestibular nerve, Vestibular ganglion, Cochlear communicating branch, Superior part of vestibular nerve, Utriculoampullary nerve, Utricular nerve, Anterior ampullary nerve, Lateral ampullary nerve, Inferior part of vestibular nerve, Posterior ampullary nerve, Saccular nerve, Cochlear nerve, Cochlear ganglion; Spiral ganglion
Human anatomy : Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII]

 

  • 혀인두신경(IX)는 인두와 편도, 혀가지가 있는 인두와 입안의 시상 단면을 이용하여 도식화되었으며 목동맥팽대를 포함합니다.
Cranial nerves : Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] - Diagram : Superior ganglion, Inferior ganglion, Tympanic nerve, Tympanic enlargement; Tympanic ganglion, Tympanic plexus, Tubal branch, Caroticotympanic nerves, Communicating branch with auricular branch of vagus nerve, Communicating branch of vagus with glossopharyngeal nerve, Pharyngeal branches, Stylopharyngeal branch, Carotid branch, Tonsillar branches, Lingual branches, Lesser petrosal nerve; Parasympathetic root of otic ganglion, Parasympathetic root of otic ganglion; Lesser petrosal nerve, Communicating branch with meningeal branch, Communicating branch with auriculotemporal nerve, Communicating branch with chorda tympani
Cranial nerves : Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] , Diagram

 

  • 혈관, 가슴 및 배 골반의 내장이 있는 미주신경(X)의 다이어그램
Vagus nerve [X] -  Anatomy - Human body : Superior ganglion, Meningeal branch, Auricular branch, Inferior ganglion, Pharyngeal branch, Pharyngeal plexus, Superior laryngeal nerve, External branch, Internal branch, Communicating branch with recurrent laryngeal nerve, Superior cervical cardiac branches, Inferior cervical cardiac branches, Recurrent laryngeal nerve, Right recurrent laryngeal nerve, Left recurrent laryngeal nerve, Tracheal branches, Oesophageal branches, Pharyngeal branches, Thoracic cardiac branches, Bronchial branches, Pulmonary plexus, Oesophageal plexus, Anterior vagal trunk, Anterior gastric branches, Anterior nerve of lesser curvature, Hepatic branches, Pyloric branch, Posterior vagal trunk, Posterior gastric branches, Posterior nerve of lesser curvature, Coeliac branches, Renal branches
Vagus nerve [X] : Anatomy , Human body

 

  • 더부신경 (XI)은 미주신경과 목신경얼기를 문합 후 승모근과 목빗근의 신경이 분포합니다.
Accessory nerve [XI] - Human anatomy (Drawings : Imaios/E-anatomy) : Cranial root; Vagal part,  Spinal root; Spinal part,  Trunk of accessory nerve,  Internal branch,  External branch,  Muscular branches
Accessory nerve [XI] , Human anatomy (Drawings : Imaios/E-anatomy)

 

  • 혀밑신경(XII)은 주로 목신경얼기와 목신경고리와의 문합 후 혀에 신경이 분포합니다.
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] - Illustrations : Tongue, Lingual branches
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] : Illustrations

 

인체 해부도 이용시

그림은 3가지 카테고리로 라벨이 표시되었습니다 : 뇌신경, 구멍, 기관
뇌신경에 관련된 각 항목을 볼 수 있는 메뉴를 통해 해부학적 그림들을 확인하세요.

Cranial nerves - Anatomy (Brainstem) : Abducent nerve; Abducens nerve [VI], Accessory nerve [XI], Facial nerve [VII], Mandibular nerve; Mandibular division [Vc; V3], Maxillary nerve; Maxillary division [Vb; V2], Oculomotor nerve [III], Olfactory nerve [I], Ophthalmic nerve; Ophthalmic division [Va; V1], Optic nerve [II], Terminal nerve [0], Trigeminal nerve [V], Trochlear nerve [IV], Vagus nerve [X], Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII], Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX], Hypoglossal nerve [XII]
이미지 1 - Cranial nerves , Anatomy : Brainstem (Anterior view)
Cranial nerves - Cranial base : Foramina : Cribriform plate, Optic canal, Superior orbital fissure, Foramen rotundum, Foramen ovale, Internal acoustic meatus, Jugular foramen, Hypoglossal canal
이미지 2 - Cranial nerves , Cranial base : Foramina
Olfactory nerve [I] - Anatomy (Anatomical illustrations) : Olfactory nerves, Olfactory bulb, Subcallosal area; Subcallosal gyrus, Paraolfactory sulci, Paraolfactory area, Paraterminal gyrus, Olfactory tract, Medial stria, Olfactory trigone,  Olfactory tubercle ,Lateral stria
이미지 3 - Olfactory nerve [I] : Anatomy (Anatomical illustrations)
Optic nerve [II] - Schematic Human anatomy : Retina, Optic chiasma,  Optic tract, Lateral geniculate body, Optic radiation, Visual cortex, [UMLS:C0271202], [UMLS:C0271208], [UMLS:C0544680], [UMLS:C0750958], [UMLS:C0155320]
이미지 4 - Optic nerve [II] : Schematic
Oculomotor nerve [III] - Trochlear nerve [IV] - Abducent nerve; Abducens nerve [VI] : Anatomy atlas : Superior branch,  Inferior branch,  Branch to ciliary ganglion; Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion; Oculomotor root of ciliary ganglion,  Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion; Oculomotor root of ciliary ganglion; Branch of oculomotor nerve to ciliary ganglion, Ciliary ganglion, Obliquus capitis superior, Lateral rectus
이미지 5 - Oculomotor nerve [III] , Trochlear nerve [IV] , Abducent nerve; Abducens nerve [VI] : Anatomy atlas
Facial nerve [VII] - Anatomy : Medical illustrations (Imaios - E-anatomy) :Geniculum, Nerve to stapedius, Posterior auricular nerve, Occipital branch, Auricular branch, Digastric branch, Stylohyoid branch, Communicating branch with glossopharyngeal nerve, Parotid plexus, Temporal branches, Zygomatic branches, Buccal branches, Lingual branch of facial nerve, Marginal mandibular branch, Cervical branch, Intermediate nerve, Geniculate ganglion, Greater petrosal nerve, Parasympathetic root of pterygopalatine ganglion; Greater petrosal nerve, Chorda tympani, Parasympathetic root of submandibular ganglion; Chorda tympani, Communicating branch with tympanic plexus, Communicating branch with vagus nerve
이미지 6 - Facial nerve [VII] , Anatomy : Medical illustrations (Imaios - E-anatomy)
Human anatomy - Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII] : Vestibular nerve, Vestibular ganglion, Cochlear communicating branch, Superior part of vestibular nerve, Utriculoampullary nerve, Utricular nerve, Anterior ampullary nerve, Lateral ampullary nerve, Inferior part of vestibular nerve, Posterior ampullary nerve, Saccular nerve, Cochlear nerve, Cochlear ganglion; Spiral ganglion
이미지 7 - Human anatomy : Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII]
Cranial nerves : Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] - Diagram : Superior ganglion, Inferior ganglion, Tympanic nerve, Tympanic enlargement; Tympanic ganglion, Tympanic plexus, Tubal branch, Caroticotympanic nerves, Communicating branch with auricular branch of vagus nerve, Communicating branch of vagus with glossopharyngeal nerve, Pharyngeal branches, Stylopharyngeal branch, Carotid branch, Tonsillar branches, Lingual branches, Lesser petrosal nerve; Parasympathetic root of otic ganglion, Parasympathetic root of otic ganglion; Lesser petrosal nerve, Communicating branch with meningeal branch, Communicating branch with auriculotemporal nerve, Communicating branch with chorda tympani
이미지 8 - Cranial nerves : Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] , Diagram
Vagus nerve [X] -  Anatomy - Human body : Superior ganglion, Meningeal branch, Auricular branch, Inferior ganglion, Pharyngeal branch, Pharyngeal plexus, Superior laryngeal nerve, External branch, Internal branch, Communicating branch with recurrent laryngeal nerve, Superior cervical cardiac branches, Inferior cervical cardiac branches, Recurrent laryngeal nerve, Right recurrent laryngeal nerve, Left recurrent laryngeal nerve, Tracheal branches, Oesophageal branches, Pharyngeal branches, Thoracic cardiac branches, Bronchial branches, Pulmonary plexus, Oesophageal plexus, Anterior vagal trunk, Anterior gastric branches, Anterior nerve of lesser curvature, Hepatic branches, Pyloric branch, Posterior vagal trunk, Posterior gastric branches, Posterior nerve of lesser curvature, Coeliac branches, Renal branches
이미지 9 - Vagus nerve [X] : Anatomy , Human body
Accessory nerve [XI] - Human anatomy (Drawings : Imaios/E-anatomy) : Cranial root; Vagal part,  Spinal root; Spinal part,  Trunk of accessory nerve,  Internal branch,  External branch,  Muscular branches
이미지 10 - Accessory nerve [XI] , Human anatomy (Drawings : Imaios/E-anatomy)
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] - Illustrations : Tongue, Lingual branches
이미지 11 - Hypoglossal nerve [XII] : Illustrations
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